ENV S 100 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Santa Ana Winds, Subtropics, North Atlantic Deep Water
Document Summary
Exists in all states of matter on earth"s surface. Higher boiling point and freezing point than expected based on mass. Heat capacity: heat: energy produced by vibrations of atoms or molecules (calories, temperature: an object"s response to input or removal of heat (degrees c) Freezing/boiling points: melting/freezing point: 0 degrees c, boiling/condensation point: 100 degrees c. For water, energy needed to break molecular bonds that hold water molecules in place with ice crystals 80 cal/g. Temp remains unchanged until most bonds are broken > water: vaporization. Highest latent heat of vaporization of any known substance. Sea surface temps average 20 degrees c. Heat capacity from surrounding molecules cools surface of ocean. Thermostatic effects: properties that act to moderate changes in temp. Ocean holds heat etc: global heat transport. Density of water depth: temperature, salinity, pressure. Change density: change temp hotter = less density, colder = higher density, add dissolved substances: decreases freezing point (salinity, increase pressure: increases density (deep water)
