CHEM 142A- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 14 pages long!)
Document Summary
Myoglobin and hemoglobin are homologous proteins with vital jobs of carrying oxygen. Guidelines in the blood and storing oxygen in the muscles. They also provide a clear example of the difference between allosteric (sigmoidal) binding and simpler (hyperbolic) single-ligand binding. The cooperative binding of oxygen to hemoglobin is critical to its ability to transport oxygen efficiently in blood and release it to myoglobin in tissues. Co2, and 2,3 bpg, hemoglobin also provides an excellent example of allosteric regulation of proteins. The genetic diseases sickle-cell anemia and thalassemia are caused by abnormal hemoglobin genes. The examples of immune related proteins provides a basis for understanding protein-ligand specificity, whereas the myosin/actin example reveals how energy consumption can drive highly useful and well understood conformational changes. Learning goals: after completing chapter 7 you should be able to: enumerate the key roles that carbohydrates play in biochemistry. Identify the key monosaccharide derivatives (glucosamine, n-acetyle glucosamine, gluconate: name disaccharides using the standard nomenclature.
