NURS 3110 Study Guide - Final Guide: Headache, Urinary Retention, Kanamycin A
Document Summary
Broad: coli (gi), h. influenzae (blood- loving), enterococcus, Gram +: against penicillinase producing, methicillin- susceptible staph and strep; gram -: against proteus mirabilis, e. coli, klebsiella pneumoniae. Gram -: zwitterions penetrate, greater resistance to beta lactamases, cross bbb, meningitis, p. aeruginosa. Gram +: oral formulations and antipseudomo nal activity have decreased activity against gram. Im (depot formulation, last for weeks, syphilis, prophylaxis in rheumatic fever) Methicillin: less active, parental, higher freq or intestinal nephritis. Alters cell wall, binds with cell wall precursors. Gram + only: diff. colitis (mouth, poorly absorbed) Mrsa, clostridium in peds, endocarditis by enterococcus faecalis. Penetrate cell wall by interfering with membrane phospholipids. Ineffective against anaerobes (transport across bacterial cell membrane) Gram + and -, rickettsia, spirochetes, chlamydia, mycoplasma, lyme and rocky mountain spotted fever. Typhoid fever, brain abscesses, rickettsia and chlamydial infections as last option. Unable to pass bbb, no cns activity; topical antibiotic. Penetrate csf (brain abscess or meningitis); rarely used.
