BIOL 1107 : BIO_CHAPTER_11_The_CELL_CYCLE_Study_GuidePage’s_194.docx

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rosetortoise969

30 Oct 2014

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Histone proteins: what event(s) characterizes each of the following cell stages: go, (g1, s, g2), m. (go phase or interphase is divided into three subphases, g1, s and g2). G1:occurs after m phase but before s phase. G2: period when chromosome replication is complete but mitosis has not begun. S phase: synthesis phase= replication of the genetic material is separated, in time, from the portioning of chromosome copies during m phase. Cytokinesis: the division of cytoplasm into 2 distinct cells. Prophase: when chromosomes condense into compact structures and the spindle apparatus starts to form. Metaphase: chromosomes complete migration to the middle of the cell. Anaphase: sister chromatids separate, chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell. Be able to describe the stages by which a spindle assembles and chromosomes attach to it. The centrosome is the structure that contains a pair of centrioles.

Related Questions

Match the term with its correct definition or explanation.

Chromatin

Homologous Chromosomes

Sister chromatids

Diploid

Interphase

S Phase

Synapsis

Crossing Over

Cell Plate

Cleavage Furrow

A. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis I.

B. The pairing or tight association of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I. Results in the formation of a tetrad.

C. Non-identical copies of the same chromosome. Present in all diploid cells, even before replication. These chromosomes are the same length and contain genes for the same characteristics, but may have different alleles for each gene. D.

The period of the cell cycle that includes G1, S phase, and G2. E. A structure that develops during cytokinesis in plants.

F. Condensed chromosomes.

G. An invagination that develops during cytokinesis in animal cells.

H. When an organism has two copies of every chromosome (2n).

I. Two identical copies of a chromosome. These are only present after DNA replication.

J. The phase of the cell cycle when DNA is replicated.

1.A mutation occurs in a cell to cause its SH2 domains to be constantly activated. What is the result of this mutation? a. The cell will become senescent and cease to go through the cell cycle b. The cell will no longer be able to complete mitosis because of compromised spindle fibers c. The cell will experience continuous division. d. The cell will create increased G-Protein receptor density at the cell membrane surface, leading to sensitization to ligands released in the intercellular space. e. Nothing will change.

2. Which of the following catalyzes the transformation of ATP to cAMP? a. Adenylyl cyclase b. Phosphorylase c. Protein Kinase d. Phosphoinositol Phospholipase e. Diacyl glycerol

3.During which phases of the cell cycle does the cell have double the amount of DNA? a. G1 and G2 phase b. S and G1 phase c. G2 and Early M phase d. G2 and Late M phase e. G1 and Late M phase

4. Which of the following is a likely reason for apoptosis to occur in a cell? a. The cell is part of a structure that is being modified during development. b. The cell merges with another cell (ex: a sperm and egg cell. c. An error occurred when the cell's DNA was being replicated. d. The organism is growing quickly. e. a and c

Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

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BIOL 1107 : BIO_CHAPTER_11_The_CELL_CYCLE_Study_GuidePage’s_194.docx

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