PHYSICS 6B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: P-Wave, Law And Justice, Minimax

75 views3 pages

brownwombat670

22 Jun 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Study Guides, a Grade+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Oscillations of a spring: (force of spring), , vertical spring equilibrium: ; A = max speed, 2a = max acceleration | ; (f = frequency, t = period) (k is spring constant) = (vmax at equilibrium x=xo) = angular frequency, = phase shift. Critically damped, reaches equilibrium in the shortest time: , underdamped, several swings/oscillations before reaching equilibrium/rest: , overdamped ,takes a long time to reach equilibrium but no oscillating: A spring/mass system will have its own natural frequency , but an external force can cause a forced oscillation on the system. Equation (prob not needed): where and. Q value: quality factor , specifies the height and narrowness of a resonant peak. (where is the difference between the two frequencies at which the resultant amplitude is of the max amplitude) Longitudinal wave: (solid) or (fluid) ( is elastic modulus, b is bulk modulus, is density)

Related Questions

Good Vibes: Introduction to Oscillations

The conditions that lead to simple harmonic motion are as follows:

There must be a position of stable equilibrium.

There must be a restoring force acting on the oscillating object. The direction of this force must always point toward the equilibrium, and its magnitude must be directly proportional to the magnitude of the object's displacement from its equilibrium position. Mathematically, the restoring force F⃗ is given by ⃗, where is the displacement from equilibrium and k is a constant that depends on the properties of the oscillating system.

The resistive forces in the system must be reasonably small.

Consider a block of mass m attached to a spring with force constant k, as shown in the figure(Figure 1) . The spring can be either stretched or compressed. The block slides on a frictionless horizontal surface, as shown. When the spring is relaxed, the block is located at x=0. If the block is pulled to the right a distance A and then released, A will be the amplitude of the resulting oscillations.

Assume that the mechanical energy of the block-spring system remains unchanged in the subsequent motion of the block.

Part A

After the block is released from x=A, it will

(a) remain at rest

(b) move to the left until it reaches equilibrium and stop there.

(d) move to the left until it reaches x=−A and then begin to move to the right.

The time it takes the block to complete one cycle is called the period. Usually, the period is denoted T and is measured in seconds.

The frequency, denoted f, is the number of cycles that are completed per unit of time: f=1/T. In SI units, f is measured in inverse seconds, or hertz (Hz).

Part B

If the period is doubled, the frequency is

(a) unchanged

(b) doubled

Part C

An oscillating object takes 0.10 s to complete one cycle; that is, its period is 0.10 s. What is its frequency f?

Express your answer in hertz.

Part D

If the frequency is 40 Hz, what is the period T?

Express your answer in seconds.

The following questions refer to the figure (Figure 2) that graphically depicts the oscillations of the block on the spring.

Note that the vertical axis represents the x-coordinate of the oscillating object, and the horizontal axis represents time.

Part E

Which points on the x-axis are located at a distance A from the equilibrium position?

(a) R only

(b) Q only

Part F

Suppose that the period is T. Which of the following points on the t-axis are separated by the time interval T?

(a) K and L

(b) K and M

(d) L and N

(e) M and P

Now assume for the remaining Parts G - J, that the x coordinate of point R is 0.12 m and the t coordinate of point K is 0.0050 s.

Part G

What is the period T?

Express your answer in seconds.

Part H

How much time t does the block take to travel from the point of maximum displacement to the opposite point of maximum displacement?

Express your answer in seconds.

Part I

What distance d does the object cover during one period of oscillation?

Express your answer in meters.

Part J

What distance d does the object cover between the moments labeled K and N on the graph?

Express your answer in meters.

emeraldyak680

PHYSICS 6B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: P-Wave, Law And Justice, Minimax

Document Summary

Get access

Related textbook solutions

Physics: Principles with Applications

Related Documents

PHYS 1501Q Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Small-Angle Approximation, Damping Ratio, Exponential Decay

PHY 2048L Study Guide - Final Guide: Gas Constant, Angular Frequency, Mach Wave

PHYS 117 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Superposition Principle, Linear Density, Soliton

Related Questions