[GE CLST 70B] - Final Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (63 pages long)
30 Mar 2017
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Evolution: change through time, microevolution: changes in gene frequencies in a population, macroevolution: descent with modification, the accumulation of microevolutions over long periods of time. Individuals vary within a population: more individuals produced than can survive, variation influences survival and reproduction, variation is heritable. Some key points: evolution is both random (mutations) and nonrandom (selection, evolution works on populations, not individuals, evolution is genetic @ the basic level, changes gene pool, adaptations: characters selected for in particular environments. If the premises are met, evolution will happen. Ecology and evolution: ecology: interactions of organisms with each other and the environment links organisms thru flow of energy, evolution = reaction to ecology, evolution gives depth of time to ecology links organisms via genetics + shared ancestry. Evidence: direct observation, comparative anatomy, classification, comparative genomics, biogeography, embryology/development. Fully aquatic: manatees, cetaceans: partially aquatic: otters, beavers, seals, cetacea: whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Smaller groups (species, genus) share a more recent common ancestor.
