CHEM 153C Study Guide - Final Guide: Citric Acid Cycle, Phosphatase, Citric Acid
21 Jun 2016
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=>why isomerization is important in committing glucose in glycolysis and for symmetrical aldol cleavage into two 3-c sugar units. _ hexokinase (first use of atp)/ note: lack of specificity. Inhibited by glucose-6-p: glucokinase (primarily in liver) Functional rationale: most tissues: metabolize blood glucose which enters cells. Low blood glucose: glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis. Regulatory properties: main control point in glycolysis, allosteric enzyme. Coupled reactions with nad+ reduction to generate nadh for atp synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. Rationale for phosphoglycerate mutase and enolase: recovery of atp. Formation of high energy intermediate pep as the acylphosphate. Coupled reactions with adp + pi => atp. Secondary control point in glycolysis: allosteric enzyme. Negative effectors: atp (energy charge, acetyl-coenzyme a. Glucose + 2 adp + 2 pi + 2 nad+ => 2 pyruvate + 2 atp + 2 nadh + 2 h2o + 4 h+ Oxygen (o2: need for citric acid cycle intermediates as aa biosynthetic precursors, demand for atp.
