NTR 109 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Glucose Test, Glucose Tolerance Test, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
15 May 2016
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Carbohydrates: types of carbohydrates, monosaccharide: glucose, fructose, galactose, disaccharides: sucrose (table sugar), maltose (when we digest big carbs like pasta) and lactose, polysaccharides: starch, dietary fiber, glycogen, glycogen, storage form of glucose. Brain, energy, don"t need to eat constantly: stored in liver and muscle, limited storage capacity. Non-digestible parts of plants that form the support structures of leaves, stems and seeds: functional fiber. Non-digestible forms of carbohydrates that are extracted from plants or manufactured in a laboratory. Added to foods or used in fiber supplements. Examples; cellulose, guar gum, pectin and psyllium: benefits, may reduce risk of colon cancer. Binds cancer causing substances and speeds elimination: promotes bowel health. Prevents hemorrhoids, constipation: reduces risk of diverticulosis. Easy elimination: reduces risk of heart disease. Binds and excretes bile, use cholesterol to make new bile. Fiber binds to bile, cause bile be excreted (bile is made of cholesterol: enhance weight loss. Fiber absorbs water, promotes fullness: low risk of type 2 diabetes.
