BUS 326 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Spinal Cord Injury, Logic, Job Satisfaction
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
BUS 326
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
BUS 326 – Organizational Behavior
Lecture 1 – What is Organizational Behavior
Organizational Behavior (OB) – systematic study of impact tht individ, groups, and struct have on behav
w/in organizations
- How people feel & behave in organizations (in light of other people, how the org is struct, etc)
- Knowledge gained about individ, groups, and struct ultimately used to improve org effectiveness
- 3 levels of Analysis Used in Studying Orgs
a. Individual processes (i.e. decision making)
i. Motivating ppl for high perf
ii. Attitudes and perception
iii. Decision making and decision making biases
b. Group processes (i.e negotiation)
i. Negotiation
ii. Group decision making
iii. Persuasion in terms of how can we make things run smoothly that ppl do things that
they may not necessarily want to do
iv. Organizational pwr and influence
c. Organizational processes (i.e. organizational design)
i. Organizational design
ii. Organizational struct
iii. Organizational cult
iv. Role of diversity
- OB = multidisciplinary
a. Psychology. Sociology, economics, political sci, anthropology, communication
Historical Overview of Field
Scientific management
- Frederick Winslow Taylor → founder of the approach
- Frank and Lillian Gilbreth
- Goal = make factories as efficient as possible
- Emph importance of designing jobs as efficiently as possible
- Careful selection and training of employees
a. Wages should be commensurate w/ productivity
b. “One Best Way” to perform the job
- Time and motion study
a. Classified and streamlined individ mov’ts needed to perform job
Homestead Strike (1892)
- Serious casualties among union workers and management
- Victory for management
Elton Mayo – so long as we don’t treat workers as human beings, we’ll have strikes and sabotage and etc
- Ushered in modern day OB
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Human Relations Movement
- Elton Mayo
- Focus = noneconomic, social processes in workplace
- Worker effectivenss dep on physical aspects of working condit and on social condit they
encounter
- Hawthorne studies (1924 – 1932)
a. Illumination studies
b. Relay room
c. Bank wiring room
Research Methods
Survey Research – Correlational Method
- Surveys – questionnaires where ppl report how they feel about various aspects of selves, jobs and
orgs
- Tell us correlations (assoc b/w variables)
- Correlation coefficient
a. Direction of relationship
b. Strength of relationship
i. Varies between -1 and 1
ii. Stronger the relationship, more accurate predictions
- Benefits
a. Data from working adults in orgs
- Limitations
a. Correlation doesn’t imply causation
i. Several viable interpretations of a correlation
Experimental method – rsrch technique to determine CAUSE & EFFECT relationships b/w vars of interst
- Experimental logic – basic elements
a. Random assignment of participants to experimental conditions
b. IV – var that is systematically manip to determine effect on behav
c. DV – behav tht is being measured and dependent on IV
- All experimental conditions other than IV must be kept constant
a. Difference in DV may be attributed to IV
- Benefits
a. Can show cause and effect
- Limitations
a. Often conducted using student samples; hard to generalize to working adults
b. Not always possible to randomly assign ppl to certain condits
- Lab – high ctrl, low realism; Field – low ctrl, high realism
Qualitative Research – relies on preserving natural qualities of sitautaion being studied
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Organizational behavior (ob) systematic study of impact tht individ, groups, and struct have on behav w/in organizations. How people feel & behave in organizations (in light of other people, how the org is struct, etc) Knowledge gained about individ, groups, and struct ultimately used to improve org effectiveness. 3 levels of analysis used in studying orgs: individual processes (i. e. decision making) Decision making and decision making biases: group processes (i. e negotiation) Persuasion in terms of how can we make things run smoothly that ppl do things that they may not necessarily want to do. Organizational pwr and influence: organizational processes (i. e. organizational design) Frederick winslow taylor founder of the approach. Goal = make factories as efficient as possible. Emph importance of designing jobs as efficiently as possible. Careful selection and training of employees: wages should be commensurate w/ productivity, one best way to perform the job. Time and motion study: classified and streamlined individ mov"ts needed to perform job.
