BIOL 204L Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Vascular Cambium, Xylem, Microphyll
Document Summary
Be able to identify root, stem and shoot, and leaf modifications (see figures and lab exercises) Study the cladograms on pages 52, 65, and 78 (angiosperms, monocotyledons, and eudicots). Microphylls associated with sporangia (a spore producing region) Stem axis bearing modified sporophylls is called a cone or strobilus. Longitudinally ridged shoots with 3 or more whorled microphylls with each node. Underground stems have a symbiotic association with fungi (mycorrhizal) Leptosporangia aggregated into clusters of sori (singular form for sorus), sometimes covered by flap called the indusium. Xylem and phloem are grouped into a single ring of discrete vascular bundles. Xylem (inside) conducts water & dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem. Phloem (outside) conducts sugars & other metabolic products downward from leaves. Vascular cambium: a cylinder of cells developing as a continuous layer between the xylem and phloem. Both actively divide near the start of the growing season.
