01:830:312 Midterm: Exam 1 Study Guide
24 Jun 2016
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*reflex: learning is characterized by an animal"s attempt to represent* its environment, and as such, may give rise to a modification of the animal"s perception of, or behavior in, that environment. *a representation is a mental event, and it is not subject to direct observation. Hilgard (hull) vs. rescorla (tolman: hilgard (hull): responses are reflexive, automatic processing, does not require decisions, Does not require cognition, responses are learned, inflexible, law of effect [the s-r view: rescorla (tolman): responses reflect choices, controlled processing, requires decisions, Requires cognition, relationships are learned, flexible, expectations/predictions [the s-s view] > it is a matter of precision and accuracy. Some historical antecedents: rene descartes (~1630, the british empiricists (1650-1800, hermann ebbinghaus (1850-1900, ivan pavlov (1890-1940, edward thorndike (1900-1940, rene descartes (~1630) Prior to descartes, all human behavior was asserted to be the product of free will, and this not regular or predictable, and thus not amenable to empirical study.
