NEUROSC 3010 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Neuromodulation, Neuropeptide, Antipsychotic
31 May 2018
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Exam 1 Study Guide
Know the following anatomical terms, regions, or processes for the exam (100 points).
• Identify the plane in which a brain area is depicted.
• Be familiar with the types and advantages of brain imaging as discussed in class (namely, CT, fMRI, TMS).
• Meningeal layers and attributes as discussed in class and class notes (no drawing required although re-
drawing PAD as we did in class may be a beneficial memorization strategy for some of you).
o Pia arachnoid dura
• Identify and diagram major lobes and sulci, M1, and S1 as discussed in class
o MI primary motor and SI is primary somatosensory cortex
• The parts of a neuron and their basic functions, including post synaptic structures, as highlighted in class
notes.
• Retrograde and anterograde transport and its clinical importance.
• Resting membrane potential, local potentials, and action potentials
o be able to name and/or describe events depicted in Figure 2-8 in book.
• What is an IPSP? An EPSP? What is the functional effect of each? – look below
• Amino Acids and Amines on pp. 54-55 - NOT Peptides; NOT Nitric Oxide
• Table 3-2 – know name of neurotransmitter/neuromodulator, and clinical application (i.e., first and final
columns) – NOT GLYCINE OR SUBSTANCE P (KNOW NAME IS BOLD AND ALL CLINICAL APPLICATION THE
FIRST 2)
• Name 3 cerebral arteries and functional areas subserved/affected post lesion (Table 19-12 as indicated on
Carmen). This is a big deal!
o Pg 469 – know all the stuff on this!!!!
• Group 1 Notes
• Group 2 Notes → what does OT do for these diagnoses
• Contents from notes for chapter 4. – study all the notes more than the book – plasticity, long term
potentiation stuff
Neglect: perceptual deficit, not sensory deficit and only sometimes happens on right side, usually on left side
right side is opulsieess ad attetio to detail so aser is that it’s a pereptual defiit – first thing you do
is build awareness of their deficit
Left versus right side of the brain
• Left →
o Futioal = roa’s area laguage produtio if hae lesio i Broa’s area – will have no fluent
aphasia hih eas they’re ot ale to say hat they at to say, their speakig is lusy
o Werike’s area ore aterior = language comprehension – fluent aphasia – o’t uderstad
laguage that’s oig i
o Global aphasia = a combo of two
Right →
• Important in impulsiveness, awareness of deficit, insight, planning of movements, apraxia (parietal in
both, mostly right part), neglect (awareness of body..)
• Someone with right side lesion, becomes very challenging person to treat because not only do they have
a body awareness issue or neglect, but also lack insight or unaware they have a deficit
Left side strokes – easier to work with because language and speech type things, less of insight stuf
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Week 1
Identify the basic attributes of various brain imaging methods
PET → inject radioactive dye/ capsule into blood
CT → rotating x-rays taking pictures and computer puts them together into slices
• Shows abnormalities in the brain
• Can determine damaged areas→ bad blood flow/ ruptured blood vessel/etc. (ischemia,
hemorrhage, tumor)
MRI → Short pulsed magnetic fields that alter water molecules in brain cells (high water in brain)
• No x-rays or dyes
• Response to magnetic field is detected and used to create images = make slices
• Looks at soft tissue – muscles, ligaments, tumors, etc.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) → deep Brain stimulation to make therapy more effective
Functional Magnetic Reasonance Imaging (fMRI) → Inside MRI machine, have person move and map
where blood flow is happening in brain
• Functional areas should light up
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) → Magnetic fields measure water diffusion in axons – look at white
matter tracts
Why would I use one scan versus another?
CT → do’t sho a lot of details/ aility to tell teporal arkigs/ he did aormality occur?
• Ex: only shows 25% of strokes or differentiate between old and new strokes
PET → not used in rehab
MRI → expensive/ detects 80% of strokes
FMRI → can figure out if therapy is rewiring the brain
• If patient has stroke = brain area is dead = blood flow goes to other areas to compensate = new
areas take over function of dead areas
DTI → look at white matter tracts / useful for traumatic brain injuries / ischemic strokes
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Identify orientations of brain structures
Three Planes
• Sagittal → divides into left and right sides
• Midsaggital → equal left and right sides
• Horizontal → Top to bottom/ roster to
caudal
• Coronal → front and back sections → how you slice bread
Differentiate gray versus white matter
Gray → Dendrites and Cell bodies/ Soma = nuclei and ganglia (CNS vs. PNS)
• Information is integrated = thinking center
• Where neurotransmitters are created
• Gray matter on surface of the brain = cortex
White → axons and myelin
• Axons convey information away from cell body
• Myelin → fatty that gives axons their white color
• Bundle of myelinated axons = tract, lemniscus, fasciculus, columns, peduncle, capsule
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Know the following anatomical terms, regions, or processes for the exam (100 points). Look below: amino acids and amines on pp. 54-55 - not peptides; not nitric oxide: table 3-2 know name of neurotransmitter/neuromodulator, and clinical application (i. e. , first and final columns) not glycine or substance p (know name is bold and all clinical application the. First 2: name 3 cerebral arteries and functional areas subserved/affected post lesion (table 19-12 as indicated on. This is a big deal: pg 469 know all the stuff on this!!, group 1 notes, group 2 notes what does ot do for these diagnoses, contents from notes for chapter 4. Study all the notes more than the book plasticity, long term potentiation stuff. Left side strokes easier to work with because language and speech type things, less of insight stuf. Identify the basic attributes of various brain imaging methods. Pet inject radioactive dye/ capsule into blood.
