LA 231 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Structural Load, Astm International, Aluminium Oxide
LA 230 Midterm Study Guide
CSI: Construction Specifics Institute
ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials
Actual vs Nominal: 2” x 4” = 1-½” x 3-½”
Typical plank sizes: 1-¼” x 6, 2 x 4, 2 x 6
Typical joist spacing: 16”, 24”, 32”
Standard Joist Sizes: 2x6, 2x8, 2x10
Standard beam sizes: 4x6, 6x12
Rule of Thumb: a 2x4 on edge can span 4 feet
A 2x4 laid flat can span 2 feet
Wood Construction Members:
● Decking (surface to walk upon)
● Joints support decking
● Beams support joists
● Posts support beams
Special Wood Construction Members:
● Stringers are joists for stairs
● Grade beams can be joists or beams in contact with the ground
● Ledger is a beam connected to a building
● Facia is a joist hiding other joists for decorative purposes
● Bridging prevents joists from racking
Dead load: weight of structure and live load
Live load: weight of snow and people, etc.
Contour Lines General Principles:
● Contour lines never cross with the exception of tunnels or overhangs
● If a line enters a map, it must also exit
● If it doesn’t enter a map then it must circle in on itself and close
● Follow a sequential numerical order @ specific intervals
● Dashed lines = existing contour lines
● Solid lines = proposed contour lines
Common Gradients:
● Streets 1-10%
● Sidewalks 1-5% preferred
● Sidewalks max 8%
● Driveways max 14%
● Grass aesthetics 1%
● General lawn 5-10%
● Mowed slopes 25-30%
10:20:30:40
10% Cement
20% Water and air
30% Sand
40% Gravel
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Typical plank sizes: 1- x 6, 2 x 4, 2 x 6. Rule of thumb: a 2x4 on edge can span 4 feet. A 2x4 laid flat can span 2 feet. Grade beams can be joists or beams in contact with the ground. Ledger is a beam connected to a building. Facia is a joist hiding other joists for decorative purposes. Dead load: weight of structure and live load. Live load: weight of snow and people, etc. If a line enters a map, it must also exit. If it doesn"t enter a map then it must circle in on itself and close. Contour lines never cross with the exception of tunnels or overhangs. Follow a sequential numerical order @ specific intervals. Rebar: deforming reinforcing bars, deformations keep it from slipping inside the concrete. Size is multiplied by of actual size. Petroleum gas will dissolve asphalt but not concrete.
