MBI 131 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Red Meat, Colonoscopy, Angioplasty
28 Jun 2018
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MBI 131-Exam 3 Outline
Substance Abuse
Substance abuse as a CH problem
oCause of more deaths, illnesses and disabilities than any other preventable
health condition
oMcKenzie textbook estimates economic costs of $621 billion per year
oAffects individuals, families, and the surrounding community
oImpacts everyone
Personal costs of substance abuse
oUnderachievement
Loss of employment
Failure at school
Financial consequences
oMedical treatment costs
Unintentional injury
Infectious & non-infectious diseases
Adverse drug reactions or exposure to adulterated drugs
Fetal injury
Drug induced mental illness/psychosis
Long-term disabilities
Overdose
Rehabilitation
oArrest, conviction, fines, incarceration
oIncreased risk of sexual and other assaults
oLoss of self-esteem
oUnintentional death
Community costs
oBurden on healthcare system
oCosts to employers due to lost productivity
oDefaults on loans/mortgages
oIncreased insurance costs
oCosts of law enforcement/courts/incarceration
oCosts of being a crime victim
oTaxpayer supported programs (Medicaid, welfare, foster care)
oContinuing costs due to relapse
oPremature deaths
Tobacco & nicotine
oSingle most preventable cause of death, disease and disability
Heart disease
Lung cancer
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Stroke
Low birth weight infants
oApprox. 480,000 premature deaths per year
oApprox.. 16 million people experience serious smoking-related illnesses per year
oApprox.. 41,000 deaths per year due to diseases caused by environmental
tobacco smoke
oNicotine is a stimulant drug
Release of epinephrine
Increased blood pressure, respiration, heart rate
Increased levels of dopamine in brain
oNicotine addiction results from long term brain changes due to nicotine exposure
oPrimary prevention of tobacco use
Education
Taxes
No smoking policies
Smoke-free legislation
Age restrictions (18+)
Marketing restrictions
oSecondary and Tertiary prevention of tobacco use
Education
Taxes
No smoking policies
Nicotine replacement therapies
Cessation programs: self-help & counseling
Alcohol
oAlcohol is more socially acceptable than any other form of drug
o#1 drug problem by
number of people abusing it
number of injuries and injury-related deaths
money spent on it
economic costs associated with it
ocentral nervous system depressant
impairs brain function & motor skills
ocan damage a developing fetus
oincreases risk of liver disease, certain cancers & stroke
orisk of alcohol dependence/alcoholism
odrinking levels
moderate drinking: up to 1 drink a day for women; up to 2 drinks a day
for men
binge drinking: pattern of drinking that brings BAC up to .08; 4 drinks in 4
hours for women, 5 drinks in 2 hours for men
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heavy drinking: 5 or more drinks on the same occasion on each of 5 or
more days in the past 30 days
oalcohol poisoning
person stops breathingdeath
survivors can suffer irreversible brain damage
signs: mental confusion, stupor, coma, cannot be roused, vomiting,
seizures, slow breathing, hypothermia, paleness
oalcohol abuse vs. alcoholism
abuse: drinking leads to problems, but person is not physically dependent
on alcohol
alcoholism: drinking causes serious problems, yet person keeps drinking
physical dependence
tolerance: need more alcohol to feel drunk
stopping leads to withdrawal symptoms
oprimary prevention of alcohol use and abuse
education
taxes
age restrictions (21+)
law enforcement
marketing restrictions
osecondary and tertiary prevention of alcohol use and abuse
education
taxes
mutual support groups (AA)
rehabilitation facilities
behavioral therapies/counseling
law enforcement
prescription stimulant misuse and abuse
oadderalll: combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine
central nervous system stimulant
restores balance of certain brain neurotransmitters
rx: treating ADHD and narcolepsy
misuse and abuse: taking without rx; belief that the drug leads to
enhance concentration/academic performance
weight loss
potential negative health effects of Adderall misuse/abuse
irregular heartbeat
cardiovascular failure
dangerously high body temperature
anxiety
hostility
paranoia
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Substance abuse as a ch problem: cause of more deaths, illnesses and disabilities than any other preventable health condition, mckenzie textbook estimates economic costs of billion per year, affects individuals, families, and the surrounding community, impacts everyone. Adverse drug reactions or exposure to adulterated drugs. Rehabilitation: arrest, conviction, fines, incarceration, increased risk of sexual and other assaults, loss of self-esteem, unintentional death. Tobacco & nicotine: single most preventable cause of death, disease and disability. 480,000 premature deaths per year: approx 16 million people experience serious smoking-related illnesses per year, approx 41,000 deaths per year due to diseases caused by environmental tobacco smoke, nicotine is a stimulant drug. Increased levels of dopamine in brain: nicotine addiction results from long term brain changes due to nicotine exposure, primary prevention of tobacco use. Marketing restrictions: secondary and tertiary prevention of tobacco use. Alcohol: alcohol is more socially acceptable than any other form of drug, #1 drug problem by.
