BIOL 1201 : Biology Exam 2 Notes
Document Summary
Thermophiles: bacteria-thermophiles exist at temperatures up to 132 degrees celsius (grows at 122 degrees. Regulation of enzyme activity: how are enzymes controlled, can they be turned off and on, modulation activity, binding of ligands, covalent modification. Competitive enzyme inhibition: substrate and inhibitor compete for binding to the active site of the enzyme, most apparent at low [substrate] Inhibitor binds at a site away from the substrate binding site: causes a conformational change in the enzyme, not overcome by increasing the substrate. Other site : modulator (activator or inhibitor) binds to a site other than the substrate binding site (active site, causes a conformational change of the enzyme which changes the activity. Cooperativity: oxygen binding to hemoglobin, 4 oxygen binding sites, binding alters the affinity for o2, binding of the first o2 makes it more favorable for the next o2 to bind. Metabolism hallmarks: chemical transformations in small steps, each step catalyzed by a specific enzyme.
