BIOL 240- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 116 pages long!)
Document Summary
Projections: more area on bone for muscle attachment: lines, crest, process, tuberosity, epicondyles. Articulations: surfaces that form joints: head,facet,condyles (made out of different material than the bone) attach to bones. Depressions/cavities: pass through for nerves and arteries, holes, to provide nutrients, foramen,sossa,meadis, sinus, canal. Origin: attaches to the stationary bone, humerus doesn"t move during flexion of elbow. Insertion: the movable bone, what it inserts onto. Merocrine gland/eccrine gland: example-salivary gland (mouth), secrete fluid, secretion throu secretory vesicle. Holocrine gland: example- sebaceous gland, secrete oil, the entire cell disintegrates and becom secretion. Apocrine gland: example- mammary gland: breast milk, pinching off of apical portion becomes secretion, present but not active until puberty. Endocrine glands: surrounded by blood vessels, no ducts, secrete directly into the bloodstream, do n need to be close to target cells, secrete hormones. Body cavities: know location, support their organs, house and support organs. Ventral cavity: thoracic, abdominal pelvic cavity, ventral cavity contains visceral organs.
