KNR 170 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Camp Fire, Olivia Travel, Belongingness
19 Jun 2018
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Chapter 5
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Pyramid
Strongest (bottom) what we rely on most
Top: Self-Actualization=Overall need to do what you feel
as if you were born to do
Second to top: Esteem= Ego. Confidence from others. Feel
weak if not met
Middle: Love- Social, Affection, Belongingness
Second to bottom: Safety= Children display signs of insecurity.
Adults feel safe unless emergency
Bottom: Physiological= food, water, oxygen, sleep
Issues Children Face Today
Decline of the family structure
Overscheduled child
Economically disadvantaged child
Influence of commercial media
Lack of outdoor play
Motivation - 2 Types
Extrinsic
oThose things that cause a behavior but are
controlled by an external force
oRewards, cash, trophies, prizes
Intrinsic
oElements that drive a person to behave in a certain
way simply for the behavior itself and how it
feels to the individual
oSense of accomplishment, increased fitness
Assimilation and Accommodation
Assimilation
oTake in everything
Accommodation
oAdjusting to external circumstances
4 Stages of Play
Stages of Children’s Play
oSolitary Play
Playing by themselves
oParallel Play
Playing next to another kid but not playing together
oAssociative Play
Play same activity with another kid but not playing or
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working together
oCooperative Play
Playing the same thing together (common goal)
*4 Categories of Motivation*
Physical
oActive recreational pursuits such as sports, games,
dance, and fitness
Control of obesity
Preserving cardiovascular health
Achieving wellness
Social
oThe need to be part of a social group and establish
interpersonal relationships
The need for companionship
The need for friendship
The need for intimacy
oReducing loneliness is an important aspect of leisure
oAdults find primary social contacts through leisure
oDifference between Loneliness and Solitude
oOnly 2 % of all leisure activities are done alone
Psychological
oMotivators that contribute to our mental health
Excitement and challenge
Adventure Recreation (Risk Recreation)
oNatural Environment that has
challenge
oThrive on adrenalin rush
Relaxation and escape
Allows people to forget stress
oKey benefit to leisure
Stress management
Allows people to avoid stress with
productive ways
Healthy balance of work and play
Baby Boomers (55+)
oLive to work
oVery loyal to jobs
Generation X (33-55)
oBalance work and play
Millennials (35 and younger)
oWork to live (Leisure and Recreation)
The term “weisure” is the combination between
work and leisure
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Emotional, Intellectual, and Spiritual Motivators
oEmotional: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Pyramid
Strongest (bottom) is what we rely on the most
Feelings of Pleasure (Satisfaction)
3 Groups of Adolescents
Chapter 6
4 Sociocultural Factors
Gender
Sexual Orientation
Race and Ethnicity
Socioeconomically Status (income)
3 Constraints on Leisure
Interpersonal
oBased on relationships with others
oDo things you don’t like just because your friends want to
Intrapersonal
oFactors affecting preference or interest
oDon’t feel comfortable in a situation so you avoid it
oSelf-doubt
Structural
oIntervening factors the desire to participate and actual participation
oLack of time/money/transportation
Difference between Sex and Gender
Gender
oCharacteristics, roles, or behaviors that society attaches
oMasculine vs. feminine
Sex
oBiological classification
oMale vs. female
Difference between Race and Ethnicity
Race
oGenetic Makeup
Hair color, skin color, eye color
Ethnicity
osocial and cultural heritage passes on from generations
Ex. Language, family life, religion
Marginality Hypothesis and Ethnicity hypothesis
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