CULTBLF 23 Study Guide - Final Guide: Unleavened Bread, Passover Seder, Hindu Calendar
18 Jun 2018
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Final Terms
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Lectures 13-14
Sabbath
●A day of set aside for rest and worship
●Kept by Jews from Friday evening to Saturday evening
●Kept by some Christians on Sunday
●Many references in the Hebrew Bible (more than circumcision)
●Holy
Decalogue
●Another name for the Ten Commandments
●Listed twice in the Hebrew Bible (Exodus 20:1–17 and Deuteronomy 5:4–
21), both state that God inscribed them on two stone tablets which he gave to
Moses
●According the New Testament (Mark 7:10 and John 7:19), the
commandments are attributed to Moses
●The commandments include instructions to worship only God, to honour
parents, and to keep the sabbath; as well as prohibitions against idolatry,
blasphemy, murder, adultery, theft, dishonesty, and coveting
Manna
●The substance miraculously supplied as food to the Israelites in the
wilderness (Exodus 16)
“The Sabbath a delight”
●Isaiah 58:13
●Implies doing something positive beyond just not doing work
39 prohibited labors
●In Mishnah Shabbat 7:2
●Grouped together for a reason
o1-11: steps to get wheat in order to make bread
o12-24: steps to get wool in order to sew garment
o25-33: steps to get leather in order to write something
o33-39: miscellaneous
●Labor 39 considered most important = prohibited to carry something from
one domain to another (public to private) → Biblical source = Jeremiah
17:19-25
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
The Sabbath is given to you; but you are not given to the Sabbath
●Jesus believed that the Sabbath was given by God but believers don’t always
need to observe the Sabbath when other things takes precedence (such as
circumcision)
Perpetual Sabbath
●Christian argument that God did not want only one day of worship but
perpetual worship (Sabbath)
Seventh-Day Adventists
●Christians who believe in the Second Coming of Christ
●They argue that Saturday (not Sunday) was meant by God to be observed at
all times by all peoples, including gentile Christians, as day of rest
Lord’s Day
●In Christianity, Sunday is the Lord’s Day
●Sunday gradually replaced Saturday (seventh day) for gentile Christians
because Christ was resurrected on the first day of the week (Sunday)
●Jewish to Christian traditions →
oRedemption from Egypt becomes redemption from sin (Passover is
replaced by Easter)
oAnd Sabbath (which is a memorial to the Exodus in Deuteronomy) by
Sunday
The Seventh day
●Saturday
●The day of Sabbath for Jews
The Eighth Day
●The Eighth day is a prolongation of the seventh
●It is also the day on which Christ was resurrected
●Later Christian writers refer to Sunday as the eighth day
Lectures 15-18
Mishnah
●The Mishnah is the first rabbinic book, created around 200 CE
Pesah
●Hebrew for Passover
●Occurs in the evening of the 14th day of Nisan
●Marked by the slaughter of a goat/lamb
Passover
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find more resources at oneclass.com
●Jewish festival celebrating liberation by God from slavery in Egypt (Exodus)
oPlague in the middle of the night of the 14th and God told Moses to
escape
oBlood on the doorsteps the night of the 14th to protect from
punishment from God
●Passover lasts for 7 days in Israel and 8 days outside of Israel
Seder
●A meal eaten and ritual performed on the first night of Passover (the night of
the 14th into the 15th of the first spring month)
●The prescribed text for the ritual is known as the haggadah
Haggadah
●The text recited at the Seder (the first two nights of the Jewish Passover),
●The text includes a narrative of the Exodus
Afikoman (or afiqoman)
●A piece broken off from a matzo (unleavened bread) during a Seder (part of
Passover festivities) and put aside to be eaten at the end of the meal
●It is traditionally hidden during the Seder to be searched for by the children
present
Soli-lunar calendar or luni-solar calendar
●A calendar based on both lunar and solar cycles
●The calendar used by Jews follows solar year → 354 days adjusted by
periodic leap years
●Different than Hindu calendar for instance
The Four Questions
●Sung during the Passover Seder
●The four questions are traditionally asked by the youngest child at the table
who is able
●They are part of the Haggadah
“How is this night different from all other nights?”
●One of the four questions
●Passover is the only festival in the Torah accompanied by a commandment to
respond to children’s question
14th of Nisan
●Nisan means first month of the year
●Marks the beginning of Passover
●This is marked by pesah whereby a goat/lamb is slaughtered in the evening
Unleavened bread
●Also known as Matzah
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
A day of set aside for rest and worship. Kept by jews from friday evening to saturday evening. Many references in the hebrew bible (more than circumcision) Listed twice in the hebrew bible (exodus 20:1 17 and deuteronomy 5:4 . 21), both state that god inscribed them on two stone tablets which he gave to. According the new testament (mark 7:10 and john 7:19), the commandments are attributed to moses. The commandments include instructions to worship only god, to honour parents, and to keep the sabbath; as well as prohibitions against idolatry, blasphemy, murder, adultery, theft, dishonesty, and coveting. The substance miraculously supplied as food to the israelites in the wilderness (exodus 16) Implies doing something positive beyond just not doing work. Grouped together for a reason: 1-11: steps to get wheat in order to make bread, 12-24: steps to get wool in order to sew garment, 25-33: steps to get leather in order to write something, 33-39: miscellaneous.
