ANT 3586 Study Guide - Summer 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Year, Africa, Primate
ANT 3586
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Evolution
Change in gene frequencies from one generation to the next
The change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of
natural selection
Theory of Evolution
Based on the idea that all species are related and gradually change over time
"Chain of Being"
Not evolutionary, immutable entities
Species strove for an ideal
Pre-1800s non-evolutionary view of species
Animals were created at the same time and strove towards an ideal form
According to Genesis
Artificial Selection
Humans domesticating and selectively breeding plants and animals
Rapid change in very few generations
Darwin's Postulates for his Evolutionary Mechanism
1. There is a struggle for existence
2. There is variation in features related to survival and reproduction
3. This variation is passed from generation
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Make evolution by means of natural selection inevitable
Heritability
Important regarding variation being passed generation to generation
Who does selection operate on?
The individual
How does selection give rise to complex structures?
Small changes, a cumulative process
Convergent evolution
Common adaptations to an environment
What drawback did Darwin have?
He couldn't explain the source of new variation
How was inheritance viewed during Darwin's time?
Traits from the mother and father would blend together
Gregor Mendel
>Discovered laws of inheritance
>Bred garden pea plants (1856-1863)
>Worked with traits with two variants
Crossbreeding experiments by Mendel revealed what?
>Genes are inherited, one from mom and one from dad
>Independent assortment (NOT blending)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Change in gene frequencies from one generation to the next. The change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection. Based on the idea that all species are related and gradually change over time. Animals were created at the same time and strove towards an ideal form. Humans domesticating and selectively breeding plants and animals. Darwin"s postulates for his evolutionary mechanism: there is a struggle for existence, there is variation in features related to survival and reproduction, this variation is passed from generation. Make evolution by means of natural selection inevitable. Important regarding variation being passed generation to generation. He couldn"t explain the source of new variation. Traits from the mother and father would blend together. >genes are inherited, one from mom and one from dad. P= % dominant alleles q= % recessive alleles. If genotype frequencies are the same as those predicted by the h-w model.
