PSYC 210 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Comorbidity, Cycloserine, Social Skills
28 Jun 2018
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Know full diagnostic criteria and specify which of the symptoms described in the question are
applicable and whether the diagnosis holds after looking at the symptoms. Also mention duration
Controversy of iatrogenic - initiated or caused by physicians
oIn DID - highly susceptible individuals come in and say they do not remember their
childhood and the clinician induces false memories of the patient being abused which leads
to the patient feeling that they were abused but has no memory of experiencing it
oTherapists suggest that you are divided into different personalities - therapist taking a
normal aspect of being a person and blows it up and starts convincing the patient that there
is something wrong
Stages of addiction
oGoal driven - anytime you are holding in your mind some sort of long
term/nonimmediate goal - managing some aspect of diet like eating healthy and if you go to
a restaurant and you pick out healthy food, that is goal directed behavior
oHabitual responding - built up a habit of doing something and not thinking about it.
Might be inconsistent with goal directed behavior. I have coffee every morning without fail,
I don't think about it
oIn addiction, substance usage starts as goal driven because you want to try it out but
goal driven always has an element of control to it however, when it turns into habitual
responding, it is very difficult to get rid of it
Models of resilience
o3 rats in boxes where shocks can be delivered. Control rat does not get shock. Escapable
rat gets a shock but can turn it off by turning the wheel (rat does not enjoy it but it is
controllable). Inescapable rat gets shocks but only turns off when the escapable rat turns
the wheel (uncontrollable and unpredictable)
oLearning in animals - induce something uncontrollable and unpredictable. Induce a lack
of agency in animals to such an extent that even when you provide them with something to
get freed, they don't do anything to escape
oPut inescapable rat in escapable condition after this - they don't do anything - learned
helplessness
oPut escapable rat in inescapable condition - they show resilience - they remember being
in the same situation before and controlling it so they show perseverance to overcome it
and thus, show stress inoculation
oThus, shows that there are brain areas that might turn on and off for resilience - mPFC
Stimulate mPFC in inescapable rat - prevent helplessness
Deactivate mPFC in escapable rat - induce helplessness
Not all diagnostic criteria for all personality disorders
Poverty of speech - say okay, fine, yes, no. cannot get them to elaborate -- Alogia
Dopamine SCZ - salience
odopamine levels are normal until monkey sees all shapes and suddenly after triangle
comes juice and there is a spike in dopamine - shows salience
oNext time monkey sees triangle there is a dopamine spike at triangle rather than at juice
oPositive symptoms - Dopamine spikes when nothing happens, towards nothing salient -
that is aberrant salience (thinking something is important when its not)
oNegative symptoms - dopamine does not release when something important happens
Treatments for SCZ
oFirst generation - heavily antagonistic dopamine D2 receptors - block positive symptoms
- knocks people to passive way of functioning and rough side effects with chronic use
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Know full diagnostic criteria and specify which of the symptoms described in the question are applicable and whether the diagnosis holds after looking at the symptoms. Controversy of iatrogenic - initiated or caused by physicians o. Therapists suggest that you are divided into different personalities - therapist taking a normal aspect of being a person and blows it up and starts convincing the patient that there is something wrong. 3 rats in boxes where shocks can be delivered. Escapable rat gets a shock but can turn it off by turning the wheel (rat does not enjoy it but it is controllable). Inescapable rat gets shocks but only turns off when the escapable rat turns the wheel (uncontrollable and unpredictable) o. Learning in animals - induce something uncontrollable and unpredictable. Induce a lack of agency in animals to such an extent that even when you provide them with something to get freed, they don"t do anything to escape o.
