CSCI 1300 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - String Theory, Stephan Endlicher, Pseudocode
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
CSCI 1300
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Computers- Machinery that executes different programs to perform a wide range of tasks-
especially repetitive ones
Hardware- Physical computer/devices
Software- The programs the computer executes
CPU- Central Processing Unit
● Heart of computer
● Executes one operation at a time
● Performs program control and data processing
● Carries out arithmetic operations
● All data goes through
● Fetches data from memory and stores it back
Memory- Primary memory- memory chips (random access memory)(RAM) or read-only
memory (ROM). There’s also secondary storage devices like disk drives, CDs, and flash drives.
Output- When the computer transmits information to the user or elsewhere
Input- The information the user enters through things like a keyboard or mouse
HLL- High level languages (closer to human languages)(independent of processor
type/hardware)
Compiler- translates HLL for a specific processor
Low level language- the computers real language
Algorithms- Unambiguous, executable, and terminating
Programming- the act of designing and implementing computer programs
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Commands
; ………………………Tells the computer that the line is over
cout………………….. print command
endl…………………. similar to ;
ls…………………….. lists everything in your current directory
~/……………………...your current directory
~................................shorthand for current user’s home directory
$................................end of prompt for entering a command
cd .. ……………….back
mkdir…………………..make directory
cd <filename>…………..Opens that file
Tab………………………….attempts to finish a command in progress. If nothing happens, then
the options will be presented upon the second press
Up arrow……………………..brings the above command down. Up again will take the command
before that one. Down arrow will navigate you back down the chain of previous commands
mv…………………………...moves file
zip test_files.zip …………..zips files
Unzip test_files.zip………...unzips files
Terms
Directory……………...Folder
Rules
ASCII is a character encoding standard. It includes numerical characters: 0-9, letters A-Z and
a-z, punctuation, and blank spaces. These character codes represent text in computers. For
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Document Summary
Computers- machinery that executes different programs to perform a wide range of tasks- especially repetitive ones. Fetches data from memory and stores it back. Memory- primary memory- memory chips (random access memory)(ram) or read-only memory (rom). There"s also secondary storage devices like disk drives, cds, and flash drives. Output- when the computer transmits information to the user or elsewhere. Input- the information the user enters through things like a keyboard or mouse. Hll- high level languages (closer to human languages)(independent of processor type/hardware) Programming- the act of designing and implementing computer programs. ; tells the computer that the line is over cout print command endl . similar to ; ls lists everything in your current directory. It includes numerical characters: 0-9, letters a-z and a-z, punctuation, and blank spaces. ; tells the computer that the line is over cout print command.
