CRJU 320 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Nuremberg Code, Syphilis, Substance Abuse
- Back to Induction
§ Criteria for Establishing Causal Connections
- Covariation (association)
- Temporal Precedence (cause before effect)
- Ruling out Rival Hypotheses
Research Ethics & Criminal Justice Research
§ Defining Ethics- The study of right and wrong conduct. From the Greek word ethos, meaning
custom (beliefs, standards, norms)
§ History of Research Ethics
- Nuremberg Code (fruitful result, voluntary consent, no mental/physical harm,freedom to stop
participation)
- Professional Association Guidelines (ASC, WSC, ASA, APA)
- Tuskegee Syphilis Study (Alabama 1929-1931, 1932-1972)
- Major Focuses of Research Ethics
o Social and Scientific Contributions of Research - Implementation & effectiveness of laws,
policies, programs
- Multiple populations impacted (offenders, general public)
o Protecting Human Subjects: - Protect vulnerable populations involved in CJ research
(incarcerated offenders,
juveniles, mentally ill)
§ Potential Problems
- Physical/Psychological harm
- Damage to reputation
- Lack of confidentiality
- Expenses & Inconvenience
§ Protections:
- Informed consent (voluntary)
- Confidentiality (privacy)
§ The Rights of Participants
o Researcher Conduct: sensitive data & confidentiality
§ Potential Problems
- Harm to subjects
- Plagiarism
- Fraud
- Waste
- Private vs. Public interest
§ Protections
- Criminal history info.
- Current offending patterns
- Gang involvement
- Substance abuse
- Recollections of emotionally disturbing experiences
§ Enforcement of Ethics & Sanctioning Violators
- Professional Associations (deny publication, cancel membership)
Document Summary
Defining ethics- the study of right and wrong conduct. From the greek word ethos, meaning custom (beliefs, standards, norms) Nuremberg code (fruitful result, voluntary consent, no mental/physical harm,freedom to stop participation) Professional association guidelines (asc, wsc, asa, apa) Major focuses of research ethics: social and scientific contributions of research - implementation & effectiveness of laws, policies, programs. Multiple populations impacted (offenders, general public: protecting human subjects: - protect vulnerable populations involved in cj research (incarcerated offenders, juveniles, mentally ill) The rights of participants: researcher conduct: sensitive data & confidentiality.
