[BIOL 211] - Midterm Exam Guide - Everything you need to know! (13 pages long)
Document Summary
Some traits shared by living organisms: they all consist of one or more cells. First seen in 1655 by robert hooke, who used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork. Bacteria, archaea, animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all built of cells (either prokaryotic or eukaryotic) Organisms can be: unicellular composed of a single cell that carries out all necessary functions. Atoms molecules: multicellular composed of many cells, each specialized for different functions (brain cells, skin cells, liver cells) Atoms molecules cells tissues organs organisms: they contain genetic information within their cells. Genetic information is encoded in chains of four different nucleotides in molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) The entire set of dna molecules in a cell is its genome (each cell of a multicellular organism contains the same genome) Gene a sequence of nucleotides in a dna molecule that is transcribed into another nucleic acid, ribonucleic acid (rna)
