GEOL 107 Study Guide - Spring 2019, Comprehensive Final Exam Notes - Sediment, Erosion, Turbidity
8 May 2019
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Document Summary
1. 1 the earth, ocean basins, and seafloor features. Spheres of the earth can be looked at by either composition or physical characteristics. 0-40 km rocky, solid, very thin upper mantle is brittle/rigid lower mantle is plastic/ductile brittle/rigid. Mostly nitrogen, some oxygen, small amount of carbon dioxide and others. Ocean floor that lies deeper than 2000 meters below sea level. Submarine volcanoes, sharp peak above ocean surface. Tropical waters - foundation of coral reefs. Submarine volcanoes with flat tops from erosion, underneath ocean surface. Coral reef surrounding guyot in a ring. Magma cools rapidly in a pillow form. Trenches = seamount chains and volcanic islands. Topography - shape of the land (crust) Sound pulse emitted from ship and bounces back. 2 way travel time, a second is the depth. Tow fish = measures side of object. Shows major features - used for shipwrecks. Densities, depths, and thickness of rock layer. Maps the sub bottom layers and features.
