PHY 113 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Adaptive Optics, Heliocentrism, Geocentric Model
8 Jun 2018
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Chapters 1-5, Study Guide
Chapter 1
• “What is science?”
• The scale of the universe (order)
• Constellations (not really close together)
• Day/Month/Year (e.g., sidereal vs. synodic mo.) • What causes seasons (axis tiltàsun
higher)
• Cycle of moon (~ 1 month)
• Lunar eclipses (why not every month?)
• Solar eclipses (total vs. annular)
• Parallax and angular size (conceptual)
Chapter 2
• Geocentric model -- Epicycles, perfect circles & spheres
• Heliocentric model – How did Galileo PROVE IT! (Jupiter’s moons, Venus’ phases,
etc.)
• Why the Galileo controversy? (from academics, from church, etc.)
• Kepler’s LawsàEllipses, sweep out equal areas,
• Newton’s Laws, Gravity, and orbital speeds (conceptual / application / recognize
equations)
Chapter 3
• Light = wave (diffraction patterns, bends around corners, bends through lenses)
• Light = particle (Energy of a photon goes up with frequency; recognize Eq.)
• Romeràmeasured c with Jupiter’s moons
• Time dilation (concept), length contraction, etc. • Whole EM spectrum (all just “light”)
• Wein’s Law (hotteràbluer); recognize Eq.
• Doppler Effect (l.o.s. velocityàcolor shift)
Chapter 4
•Spectral lines (unique to each element)
• Emission vs. absorption lines vs. continuum (what causes each)
•Spectral analysis (how spectra tell us stuff)
• Temperature
• Composition
• Rotation
• Line of sight velocity (Doppler shift of spectral lines)
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