CAS BI 107 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Reaction Rate, Toothpaste, Lifesaving
Document Summary
Many chemical reactions can be speeded up by substances called catalysts. Within living organisms, these reactions (metabolic reactions) are controlled by catalysts called enzymes. Most enzyme names end in ase, e. g. lipase, protease. The activity of enzymes is affected by temperature and ph. The optimum (best) temperature for enzyme-controlled reactions is 370c (body temperature). As the temperature increases, the rate of reaction increases. The graph shows the typical change in an enzyme"s activity with increasing temperature. The enzyme activity gradually increases with temperature up to around 37 c, or body temperature. Then, as the temperature continues to rise, the rate of reaction falls rapidly as heat energy denatures the enzyme. The ph of a solution is how acidic or alkaline it is. Different enzymes work best at different ph values. The optimum ph for an enzyme depends on where it normally works. It is around neutral (ph= 7) for most enzymes but there are some exceptions.