PHILOS 133 Midterm: Meaning, Grice
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What is non-natural meaning, contrast to natural meaning. Example: the kettle whistling means that the water is boiling. a. i. If the kettle weren"t whistling, then the water is not boiling. X meant p, entails p: non-natural meaning is most commonly present in linguistic actions b. i. b. ii. A sort of artificial meaning is imported onto a certain action or token. Can mean x but x may not hold (285: grice"s account of non-natural meaning, the distinction between telling and. How he accounts for this distinction in terms of a speaker"s intentions. a. It"s a matter of three intentions, together necessary and sufficient (288). Fundamental notion: meaning has to be explained in terms of what a speaker meant by a particular utterance on a particular occasion - determined by what the speaker means at a particular place and time. a. i. Intention to produce some effect in the audience a. i. 1.
