PHILOS 104 Study Guide - Comprehensive Final Exam Guide - Utilitarianism, Metaphysics, David Hume
Document Summary
Hobbes : his argument is highly sensitive to the ideology of human nature as it is heavily based upon it. Power - means to an end in satisfying happiness/wants. -->natural to become hungry for power after gaining power. To be alive is to seek new desires. Vainglory - desires power through interest in superficial power over others. Right of nature ---laws=precepts of morality, precepts of reason. Hobbes: each of us has a right to everything; even each other"s bodies . ++laws of nature - precepts of reason; rational perception ----> appetites. Content: moral precepts (between individuals) (a) seek peace (b) lay down rights (i) (ii) Pacts/covenants ----------> justice (c) rules of conventional morality. Hobbes remains objective and each law or nature has its own escape clause. Creates peace through primitive instincts to ensure desires. Paradoxical situation: imperfectly rational thinkers do not apply to the laws of nature. Justice is defined relative to contracts or agreements.
