21)Diagnosis of infectious diseases may include the followinglevels: a) ckinical b) Antibody response c) Isolation andidentification of the causative agent d) All of the above e) Noneof the above
22)The lower respiratory tract is ususally kept free ofmicroorganisms by: a) The combined action of mucus secretion andciliary action b) Antibiotics c) Frequent use of nose drops d) Allof the above e) None of the above
23)Complications following recovery from acute infections byB-streptococci may include: a)Erysipelas b) rheumatic fever c)Acute glomerulonephritis d) Only B and C above e)All of theabove
24)he virulwnce of the pneumococcus appears to be solelydependent on: a) Leukocidins b) Hyaluronidase c) Capsule d)Hemolysins e) None of the above
25)The organism responsible for most cases of acute bacterialmeningitis in the aduly is: a) Haemophilus influenzae b)diplococcus pneumoniaenc) Neisseria catarrhalis d) Neisseriameningitidis e) None of the above
26)The source of most meningococcal infections is: a) Healthycarrier b) Direct contact with an acute infection c) Contaminatedwater d) Insect vectors e) None of the above
27)Local inflammation and fever in whooping cough may be due tothe release of: a) Exotoxins b) Endotoxins c) Extracellular enzymesd) Only A and B above e) None of the above
28)The severity of diphtheria is due to: a) Action of exotoxinb) Action of endotoxins c) Infection following tracheotomy d) Allof the above e) none of the above
29)The most important preventive measure for diphtheria is: a)Avoid infected persons b) Immunizaton with diphtheria toxoid c)Immunization with diphtheria antitoxin d) Antibiotic prophylaxis e)None of the above
30)A point to note in relation to tuberculosis is: a) It isalways acute b) It is always chronic c) The outcome of the strugglebetween the tubercle bacillus and the hist may not be decided formany years d) The disease is always confined to the lungs e) Noneof the above
31)A posotive tuberculin test indicated: a) active tuberculosisb) The person has been infected with tubercle bacilli c)hypersensitivity to tuberculoprotein d) None of the above e) Only Band C above
32)An individual can have several common cold infections over ashort period because: a) Over 100 serologic types of rhinoviruseshave been isolated b) Each type of rhinovirus is immunologicallydistinct c) No immunity results from any virus infection d) All ofthe above e) Only A and B above
33)An effective vaccine against the common cold does not appearfeasible because: a) There are over 100 different rhinoviruses b)There is no immunity to rhinoviruses c) rhinoviruses cannot becultivated insufficient quantity d) Rhinoviruses cannot beattenuated for safe use e) none of the above
34)The most feared complication of mumps is: a) Sterility in themale b) Infertility in the female c) Pneumonia d) Endocarditis e)None of the above
35)Smallpox can be controlled by: a) Antibiotics b) Antiserum c)Vaccintion d) Isolation of infected persons e) none of theabove
36)Which of the following may be spread by respiratorysecretions? a) Measles b) INFLUENZA C) smallpox d) All of the abovee) only A and C above
37)which of the following genera are lactose-fermenters? a)Excherichia b) Enterobacter c) Salmonella and shingella d) All ofthe above e) Only A and B above
38)The main antibiotic effective against Salmonella typhosa is:a) Penicillin b) streptomycin c) Chloramphenicol d) Sulfanilaminee) None of the above
39)Poliomyelitis is spread primarily by: a) Respiratorysecretions b) Droplet nuclei c) Feca-oral route d) Only A and Babove
40)The most common method for the transmission of serumhepatitis is: a) direct injection b) Respiratory secretions c)Fomities d) Contaminated water e) None of the above
41)The infective source for amebic dysentery is: a) Chickens b)Chronically infected persons c) carriers d) All of the above e)Only B and C above
42)Urinary tract infections are most commonly caused by: a)Gram-negative bacilli b) gram-positive cocci c) gram-positivebacilli d) Gram-negative cocci e) None of the above
43)The causative agent of syphillis: a) Neisseria gonorrheae b)Treponema pallidum c) Chlamydia d) Haemophilus ducreyi e) None ofthe abobe
44)The gonococcus is morphologically similar to: a) Treponemzpallidum b) Meningococcus c) Staphylococcus d) Streptococcus e)None of the above
45)Which of the following disease agents may be tranmittedthrough sexual intercourse? a) Haemophilus ducreyi b) Chlamydia c)Trichomonas vaginalis d) All of the above e) Only A and B above
