SOCI 3692 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Gender Role, 18 Months, Shared Belief
9 May 2018
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Theories of Society - 3692
Simmel:
• Barbarian
• Stateless and violent
• Is without
• No place in the society
• No interest in joining the society
• The barbarian can be at the gates, within the gates, sitting beside you
• What distinguishes strangers from barbarians but the relation itself is an emotional
and perceptual relation
• The barbarian, from the outside, one does not want to be in that society, they would
rather destroy it
• One sees oneself as having no place in that society
• From the perspective within, we are speaking about a society that doesn’t want this
kind of person in it
• Geometry of Social Forms
• When one talks about pure sociology, its forms in a general sense
• Grammar is not about individual acts
• The words are put together according to general forms
• There is a sense in which Weber says he’s speaking about, not the content of
language, but the form of language, relative to society
• He speaks of doing a kind of geometry
• It looks at forms in an abstract sense
• It’s about relations of proximity
• In the case of dyads and triads, you’re dealing with numbers
• One, two, three
• One: isolation and the absent other
• Dyad
• Basic social relation
• Triviality
• Intimacy
• There is a problem of the mortality of the dyads
• They don’t last very long
• Not only can on of the people in the relation die, but something could happen to
one of those people
• These relationships are more fragile than those with more people
• If a dyadic relationship is only made up of routines
• One falls into a pattern where one is always doing the same thing
• The relationship loses it intensity
• Turning to intimacy, it’s the intensity of the relationship
• It is realized as being specific that no one shares
• Triad
• Simmel claims that if there is more than 2 people, the relationship isn’t going to be
intimate
• He assumed that people would return to dyads
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• With 3 in the relationship, 2 of the people are going to be more intense than the
other
• Each person thinks that the other relations are stronger
• The appearance of the third person is what creates the conflict
• 3 types:
• non-partisan mediator
• tertius gaudens
• divide and rule
o threat of reversion to dyad
o cement triads by negative dyads
Freud:
• Id
• Controls basic drives and impulses
• Ego
• Core of rational personality
• Balances the id and superego
• Superego
• Aims for perfection
• Cultural Superego
• Imposes cultural norms on the superego
• Ethical basis of the society
• Oral stage
• The first sexual development stage
• Libido is the mouth of the infant
• Oral is the relationship of one
• The child has just come out of the womb, has no sense of the other person
• They can make no distinction between what it desires, and what is real
• They child lives in the state of primary narcissism
• It only sees itself and the mother’s breast
• Eventually the child begins to distinguish itself
• Anal stage
• The second sexual development stage
• 18 months to 3 years
• Libido comes from controlling bladder
• Ego has developed
• Anal is the relationship of 2
• Anal is binary
• The child is now expected to do something whereas the relation with the breast, the
child doesn’t have to do anything
• The child has to learn how to do certain things at the appropriate times
• The child is going to be rewarded for what it does
• The child in some sense is faced with the externality of the world
• The nature of this relationship if that there is a third person
• The father and mother have this relationship that is independent of the child,
sometimes it has priority
• The child is no longer at the center of the world
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Document Summary
One sees oneself as having no place in that society: from the perspective within, we are speaking about a society that doesn"t want this kind of person in it, geometry of social forms. He speaks of doing a kind of geometry. It looks at forms in an abstract sense. In the case of dyads and triads, you"re dealing with numbers: one, two, three, one: isolation and the absent other, dyad, basic social relation, triviality. Intimacy: there is a problem of the mortality of the dyads, they don"t last very long, not only can on of the people in the relation die, but something could happen to one of those people. Id: controls basic drives and impulses, ego, core of rational personality, balances the id and superego, superego, aims for perfection, cultural superego. Thanatos : drive toward instant death and self-destruction, aggression, opposes eros love, family, country:
