PSYC 2240 Midterm: Test 1 Notes (Ch.1-3)
21 May 2016
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Neurons and glia: neurons (100 billion) receive information and transmit it to other cells, glia are complex. Developed staining technique to show that there are gaps between neurons: santiago ramon y cajal, a pioneer of neuroscience. Research showed that nerve cells remain separate instead of merging into others: the structures of an animal cell. Membrane separates inside of the cell from the outside environment. Most chemical cannot cross, but protein channels have controlled flow of water, oxygen and ions. Nucleus contains chromosomes, in all cells except red blood cells. Mitochondrion performs metabolic activities, providing energy, require fuel. Ribosomes synthesize new protein molecules, give building materials and facilitate chemical reactions, some float freely but others are attached to endoplasmic reticulum which transports newly synthesized proteins: the structure of a neuron. Have dendrites, soma, axon and presynaptic terminals. Motor neuron has soma in spinal cord, receives excitation through dendrites and conducts impulses along axon to a muscle.
