BIOL 2900 Midterm: exam Chapter 17 immunization and immune testing
Document Summary
Acquire temporary immunity through transfer of antibodies formed by other individuals or animal first used to immunize an individual against smallpox (variola) with material taken from a patient. Administration of any antigenic inoculum which are called vaccines. Administering antigens to a patient so that the patient actively mounts an adaptive immunity response. Most effective and cost efficient way to control infectious diseases. Low titer: antibody production increased by administering more booster immunization. Attenuated (modified live) vaccine: use pathogens with reduced virulence, can result in mild infections, active microbes stimulate a strong immune response - replicate in body. Cons: modified microbes may retain enough residual virulence to cause disease in susceptible individuals (immunocompromised, can cross placenta and damage fetus. Inactivated (killed) vaccines: safer than live vaccines : cant replicate, revert, mutate or retain virulence, killed vaccines work by stimulating an antibody response. As they cant replicate boosters are required to achieve full immunity.