BIOL 2020 Study Guide - Final Guide: Hh Blood Group, Cystic Fibrosis, Melanocyte
14 Sep 2016
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Gene: dna sequence that contains absolutely everything necessary for proper expression on that gene"s product. Eukaryotic gene components: enhancer/silencer, promoter (tata box), exons, introns, tss (+1 and -1), tts. Promoter: a site on dna to which the enzyme rna polymerase can bind to initiate transcription of dna into. Enhancer: short region of dna that can be bound by proteins (activators) to activate transcription of a gene. Number of genes: 20,000 humans and 15,000 flies, size of human genome: 3,200 mb. X2 = sum of all (e o)2 / e. C-kit: mutated c-kit gene is responsible for piebald spotting. This causes the ventral (front) side of the body to lack melanocytes which create melanin and cause colouration of skin cells. Dominant epistasis: mutant allele can be either homozygous or heterozygous in order to mask the other phenotype and only express its own; dominant allele of one gene masks the effects of either allele of the second gene.
