PS101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Twin Study, Monoamine Neurotransmitter, Genetic Linkage
Document Summary
Psychology"s intellectual parents included classic philosophy and the 19th- century philosophy and physiology, which shared an interest in the mysteries of the mind. Psychology was born as an independent discipline when wilhelm wundt established the irst psychological research laboratory in 1897 at leipzig, germany. He argued that psychology should be the scieniic study of consciousness. The structuralists believed that psychology should use introspecion to analyze consciousness into its basic elements. Funcionalists, such as william james, believed that psychology should focus on the purpose and adapive funcions of consciousness. Behaviourists, led by john b watson, argued that psychology should study only observable behaviour. Thus, they campaigned to redeine psychology as the science of behaviour. Emphasizing the importance of the environment over hereditary, they began to explore simulus-response relaionships, oten using laboratory animals as subjects. Sigmund freud"s psychoanalyic theory emphasized the unconscious determinants of behaviour and the importance of sexuality. Freud"s ideas were controversial, and they met with resistance in academic psychology.
