Sociology 2106A/B Study Guide - Final Guide: Gershon, Thanatology, Marshall Mcluhan
31 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Ferdinand tonnies (1957/1963) was the first to study fundamentals of community and proposed the distinction between gemeinschaft and. Gemeinschaft is generally translated from german as (cid:498)community(cid:499) and refers to a cohesive social entity that is united by pre- existing bond. Gemeinschaft based affiliations are ends in and of themselves and do not directly serve a utilitarian purpose even though benefits can be obtained from the association. In gesellschaft-based associations, people are only loosely connected through bonds that are often goal-oriented. The nation-state is an example because its members are grouped together as a result of sharing the same geographic boundaries and national identity. Tonnies shows through his analysis of social life that both forms of social organization can coexist at a single point in history as each describes a different aspect of social organization. Bary wellman coined the term the community question when looking into community"s link to industrialization: community-lost, community-saved, community-liberated. Wellman (1979) distinguishes among three theoretical views:
