Psychology 1000 Quiz: Apr 02 - Treatment.doc
22 Jan 2015
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Brain surgery in the absence of obvious organic damage. Moniz (1935) reports a calming effect for prefrontal lobotomy. Refined procedure: few side-effects (can influence strategy choice, seems effective for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Caution: should only be used as a last resort, never on patient who cannot consent, irreversible. Cingulectopmy: cut cingulum bundle (fibres connecting prefrontal lobes to limbic system) Cerletti (1937: patients with epileptic seizures improved after attack, uses electricity rather than drugs to induce seizures. Brief ( > 1 second) electrical current applied to head. Wild firing of neurons results in seizure and convulsions. Today, patients are anesthetised and partially paralyzed prior to treatment: eliminates convulsion. Right hemisphere only: less damage to verbal memory. Can cause permanent brain damage at low dosage. Antidepressant drugs are slow acting may need to respond quickly. Useful psychoactive drugs introduced only about 50 years ago. French drug company produced chlorpromazine dramatic effect on schizophrenia. Tranquilizers: calming effect, lower excitability, heavily prescribed.
