Pharmacology 2060A/B Study Guide - Final Guide: Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4, Bulgarian State Railways, Neutropenia
26 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
Pre-clinical: living tissue for pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and biological effects. Phase i: healthy volunteers for dynamics and kinetics. Phase ii: specific disease for side effects and dosing. Aq syrup syrup suspension chewable granules capsules enteric coated tablets time release. Vd = amount of drug in the body / plasma concentration. First order constant fraction of drug is metabolized. Zero order constant amount of drug is metabolized (more drug than capacity) Phase i convert lipophilic to more polar by adding hydroxyl or amine. Phase ii increase polarity by adding water-soluble molecule: ugts add sugar, sults add sulphate, gsts add glutathione to make it less toxic, nats to add acetyl group to increase hydrophilicity, tmpt add methyl, cyp enzymes. Renal: low molecular weight, non-protein bound, no effect from charge. Excretion: as filtrate moves closer to distal tubule it becomes more concentrated and when it gets there it can be reabsorbed.
