History 2301E Study Guide - Final Guide: Montgomery Bus Boycott, W. E. B. Du Bois, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
2 May 2018
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1. Legal challenges
Plessy v Ferguson, 1896
- Separate but equal – law of the land
- Gives the nation justification for segregation laws (particularly in deep south, dividing society)
- Were in fact not equal
o Example of federal govt – racist and southern dominated court
2. Grassroots movement
Montgomery Bus Boycott
- Warren court ruled December 1956 that cannot segregate a public facility on the base of race
- Activism of average americans
- December 1955, lasts a year
SNCC became involved with ensuring AA were able to vote
- Media is present
March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, august 28, 1963
- A shift in civil rights movement focused in the north
- MLK’s speech on dreams of an integrated American – “I have a dream”
The Black Panther Party for Self Defense
- Set up police patrols to make sure if someone black is pulled over, they know their
constitutional rights
- Celebrate black pride with hair, clothing, Islamic names, soul food and music and history and
culture
Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Federal protection of voting rights rather than SNCC
- Desegregation of every public accommodation
3. Divisions
Booker T. Washington
- A grassroots movement concerned with providing ex slaves with transferable skills, ending
cycle of poverty and providing economic self sufficiency
- Learned carpentry skills, agricultural sciences, chefs
- Advocating for hard work and material prosperity than would be integrated
W.E.B. du Bois
- middle class and Harvard educated black from the north where he experienced economic-based
racism (de-facto segregation)
- appealed to middle and upper classes
- clashes with Washington, saw it as continuing white oppression
- wants to rather use political action and protest for civil rights
- founded the NAAC in 1909 – using the law and legal process to challenge the system
MLK Philosophy
- Strategic power of not fighting force with force
- Love the sinner by trying to change their hearts and minds
- Integration
Malcolm X
- From the north where the issue is economics, focusing on de-facto poverty
- Philosophy of segregation
- Assassinated by members of NOI
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Document Summary
Separate but equal law of the land. Gives the nation justification for segregation laws (particularly in deep south, dividing society) Were in fact not equal: example of federal govt racist and southern dominated court, grassroots movement. Warren court ruled december 1956 that cannot segregate a public facility on the base of race. Sncc became involved with ensuring aa were able to vote. March on washington for jobs and freedom, august 28, 1963. A shift in civil rights movement focused in the north. Mlk"s speech on dreams of an integrated american i have a dream . Set up police patrols to make sure if someone black is pulled over, they know their constitutional rights. Celebrate black pride with hair, clothing, islamic names, soul food and music and history and culture. Federal protection of voting rights rather than sncc. Desegregation of every public accommodation: divisions.
