Economics 3366A/B Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Parker Pen Company, European Union Competition Law
22 Sep 2020
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Restrictive agreement between parker pen head office and wholesalers. Ecj: nothing it could do for retailer because it considered the head office and wholesalers as one entity due to complete dependency of wholesalers on the. There can never be a restrictive agreement if it is one entity, as one cannot enter into a restrictive agreement with itself. Court could have maybe helped if case were brought as art. [ms] and may thus vary from one ms to another. Moreover, due to political choice or economic developments, the classification of a given activity can change over time. What is not an economic activity today may turn into one in the future, and vice versa. Ratione materiae = sectors: all sectors, special rules for agriculture and transport for historical reasons, arms/munitions/war material excluded under art. 346 tfeu due to state sovereignty (rarely used: block exemptions.
