Chemistry 2213A/B Study Guide - Final Guide: Nucleophilic Substitution, Halogenation, Alkoxide

• School: Western University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: Chemistry 2213A/B
• Professor: Mark Workentin

Document Summary

Electrophilic aromatic substitutions are reactions in which an electrophile replaces a hydrogen atom on an aromatic ring: chlorination and bromination, fecl3 or alcl3 is the catalyst that reacts with cl2 or br2 to produce cl+ or. As the base: nitration, h2so4 is the catalyst that reacts with hno3 to produce no2 as the electrophile and hso4. As the base plus water: sulfonation, h2so4 is the catalyst and the reactant to produce so3 or hso3. As the base plus water: friedel-crafts alkylation, alcl3 is the catalyst that reacts with rcl to produce r+ as the electrophile and alcl4. As the base: friedel-crafts acylation, alcl3 is the catalyst that reacts with rc=ocl (acyl halide) to produce. As the base: a carbocation can act as an electrophile, treat an alkene with a strong, non-nucleophilic acid, treat an alcohol with acid where water makes a good leaving group. Nucleophilic substitution: a halogen (lg) is replaced with a nucleophile.