Biology 1001A Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Lac Repressor, Lac Operon, Repressor

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24 Aug 2017

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Operon: cluster of prokaryotic genes and the dna sequences involved in their regulation: contains promoter, operator, lac z, lac y and lac a genes (as well as the transcription terminator site) Operator: short segments that is a binding sequence for a regulatory protein. Activator: when bound to dna, increases likelihood that genes will be transcribed. Transcription unit: cluster of genes transcribed into a single mrna: typically the proteins encoded by genes in the same operon catalyze steps in the same process such as a sequential biochemical pathway, identify the function of repressor proteins: Clicker question: which signals get transcribed, but not. Dna signals in rna-coding genes: codons are coded 3" 5" in dna but understood 5" 3" in mrna. Dna sequence of anticodon in trna gene, given the codon: ie. Sd box: depends, may make sd box more or less attractive to rrna, affects efficiency of translation. Start codon: destroys start codon, probably kills the gene, lethal mutation for gene.

Related Questions

1.) What type of control best describes the lac operon when it is regulated by allolactose? Explain the features of this type of regulation using the lac operon as an example.

2.) What is positive gene regulation?

a) when an activator protein binds to the operator of a gene to turn expression off

b) when a repressor protein binds to the operator of a gene to turn expression off

c) when an activator protein binds to the operator of a gene to turn expression on

d) when a repressor protein binds to the operator of a gene to turn expression on

e) when a protein binds to DNA to change gene expression

3.) In the lactose operon of E. coli, what is the function of each of the following genes or sites: a) regulator, b) operator, c) promoter, d) structural gene Z and e) structural gene Y?

a) regulator gene

b) operator

c) promoter

d) structural gene Z

e) structural gene Y

4.) In a negative, repressible regulatory mechanism, transcription of the structural gene(s) occurs in

a) the presence of the co-repressor, but not in its absence.

b) the absence of the co-repressor, but not in its presence.

c) the presence of the inducer, but not in its absence.

d) the absence of the inducer but not in its presence.

e) the absence or presence of the co-repressor.

What are answers and can you explain them to me?

In the following points, I have summarized Lac operon in Ecoli. I need to check if this is on the right track? and where does 'cleavage of disaccharides' fit into this picture?

Lactose is a disaccharide and the bacteria need specific genes to manage catabolism

1) The lacl promotor gene synthesis the repressor protein which binds to the operator gene stopping the RNA polymerase from coding the lac operon genes

2)But when lactose is present, it needs the specific genes to catabolise lactose

3) So, When allolactose (a derivative of lactose)is present, it binds to the repressor protein, the repressor releases from the operator gene

4) This allows the RNA polymerase can attach to the DNA control region

5) And drive down the operon for transcription and induction of the enzyme lacZ(beta-galactosidase) lacY and lacA which breaks lactose down into glucose and galactose

6) When the lactose is all gone, the repressor returns to the operator in a feedback loop system

1. What is the term when the product of a biochemical pathway inhibits the activity of the first enzyme of a pathway?

		feedback inhibition.
		activator inhibition.
		diffusional regulation.
		enzyme activation.

2. Through control of gene expression, prokaryotes respond to changing __________ conditions.

		internal
		protein
		environmental
		genetic

3. A protein that negatively regulates transcription by binding to the operator is known as the

		operon
		repressor
		activator
		inducer

4. During attenutation, when tryptophan levels are high, the ________ stem-loop forms and transcription ________ the trpL gene.

		1-2, ends just past
		3-4, ends just past
		1-2, continues beyond
		3-4, continues beyond

5. The process of turning on the expression of a gene in response to a substance in the environment is called:

		constituation.
		repression.
		induction.
		catabolism.

6. What is a function of some specific transcription factors?

		to bind to the promoter region of the gene to facilitate the proper alignment of the RNA polymerase
		to bind to the centromere to induce meiosis
		to bind to enhancer regions to help regulate gene transcription
		to bind to the operator to recruit sigma factor

7. How does exposing an E.coli cell to glucose affect the regulation of the lac operon via CAP?

		cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is increased.
		cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is decreased.
		cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is increased.
		cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is decreased.

8. The lac repressor protein works when mutations in the repressor gene and structural genes are:

		in cis or in trans.
		in trans only.
		in cis only.
		in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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Biology 1001A Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Lac Repressor, Lac Operon, Repressor

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