Biology 2581B Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Protein Dimer, Muller'S Morphs, Missense Mutation
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A mutation has resulted in changes to both the size (number of amino acids) and the amino acid composition of the protein encoded by a gene. This mutation is most likely a (an) ---------.
| A. | Deletion of the promoter | |
| B. | Insertion or deletion of a base pair in an exon | |
| C. | Single missense mutation in the transcription region | |
| D. | A base substitution, which has changed the start codon to 5'ACG3' | |
| E. | Insertion or deletion of a base in the middle of an intron |
Part B
Think about the DNA coding sequence of a gene. If an A were swapped for a T, what kind of mutation could it cause and why?
| a) It could cause a frameshift nonsense or frameshift missense mutation because it would change the reading frame of the codon triplet. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| b) It could cause a silent, missense, or nonsense mutation because those are the types that can be caused by a nucleotide-pair substitution like this one. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c) It could cause a nonsense mutation because the sequence would no longer be the same, so the protein would be shorter and non-functional. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| d) It could cause a silent mutation because A and T are complementary to each other so it is not really a substitution mutation. Part C Why is a frameshift missense mutation more likely to have a severe effect on phenotype than a nucleotide-pair substitution missense mutation in the same protein?
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