Biology 2581B Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Programmed Cell Death, Caspase, Necroptosis
15 May 2020
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Cells dying by apoptosis undergo characteristic morphological changes they shrink and condense, the cytoskeleton collapses, the nuclear envelope disassembles, and the nuclear chromatin condenses and breaks up into fragments. The cell surface often bulges outward, if the cell is large it breaks up into membrane- enclosed fragments called apoptotic bodies. The surface of the cell/apoptotic bodies becomes chemically altered allowing a neighboring cell or macrophage rapidly engulfs them before they spill their contents. Cells that dies in response to acute insult do so by cell necrosis : necrotic cells swell and burst, spilling their contents over their neighbors and eliciting an inflammatory response. Usually caused by energy depletion, which leads to metabolic defects and loss of the ionic gradients that normally exists across the cell membrane. One form of necrosis called necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that is triggered by a specific regulatory signal from other cells. It helps sculpt hands and feet during embryonic development.
