Biochemistry 2280A Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Dna Replication, Genome Size, Telomere
13 Mar 2018
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Genome: a set of genetic instructions within a biological compartment. Mitochondria and chloroplast genome can be lost if they don"t carry out vital functions unique from nuclear genome. Nucleomorph: a secondary chloroplast introduced and not completely lost. Genome isn"t completely lost, so you now have 4 compartments. Take home: number, size, content, density, and structure of genomes within an organism can vary. Take home: organisms can have both types of genomes and conformation in them. Has more variability to how much packing with histone proteins can be done compared to a circular piece of dna. With linear, this packing produces less torque and constrain. Evolutionary ratchet: linearization happens by chance, and the chance for that change to revert is unlikely, so is unable to be undone. Lagging strand is complicated because you must replicate it in fragments and you have shortening in every generation of replication. It helps overcome end replication problem and protects the telomeres.
