IDS-2603 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - World Population, World Food Summit, World Bank
12 Oct 2018
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Department
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IDS-2603
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Environment- everything that affects a living organism or any unique form of life
Ecology- Biological science that studies the relationship between living organisms and the environment
Environmental science- An interdisciplinary study that uses information from the physical sciences and
social sciences to learn how to deal with the environmental problems
• Integration of ideas from natural world (biosphere) and our culture (culturesphere)
Environmentalism- Social movement that represents ideas to preserve natural resources and protect
the environment
Carrying Capacity- maximum number of organisms that can be maintained in an area without degrading
the environments
• How many can be supported?
• If the cultural amenities such as luxuries such as the technology that raise their impact beyond
basic levels, the term cultural carrying capacity is used
Sustainability- Ability of a system to survive for an extended period of time
• How long can a system survive?
Ecological Footprint- measures how fast we consume resources and generate waste
• How quickly can nature absorb our waste and generate new resources
• Per capita ecological footprint is the amount of biological productive land and water needed to
supply each person in a population with renewable resources they use and to absorb or dispose of
the astes fro suh resoure use… easured i gloal hetares gha
o It is the easure…
• In 2008 we used exactly all the resources for 1 earth. If trends continue, we will need 3 earths by
2050.
What is Ecology?
The study of connections in nature:
• How to organisms interact with each other?
• The goal of ecology is to understand the interactions in the biosphere, life-supporting global
membrane of air, water, soil and organisms
• The portion of the earth in which living (biotic) organisms exist and interact with and their
nonliving (abiotic) environment
Ecology
• The scientific study of the process influencing the distribution and abundance of organisms, the
interactions among organisms and the physical world
1. Adaption: The way life systems look or behave is not random or accidental; rather it is the result of
changing or surviving in a dynamic environment
2. Behaviour: Living systems evolve behavioural responses to stress and disturbances to enhance
survival
find more resources at oneclass.com
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3. Diversity: Changes in environmental conditions over time have led to variety within each level of
organization
4. Energy flow: energy cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can change form. Energy quality is
always degraded through transformation
5. Tolerance: This existence, abundance, and distribution of a species in an ecosystem are
determined by whether the levels of one or more physical or chemical factors fall within the range
tolerated by that species
6. Growth and Development: As organisms and systems increase in size, changes occur that allow
survival. Growth rate slows as maximum capacity is met.
Building Blocks of Ecology:
• Biosphere
• Ecosystem: among species and non-living
• Community: among species
• Population
• Organism
• Cell
• Molecule
• Atom
Ecosystem: Biomes and aquatic life zones
• Biosphere is divided into two parts
o Biomes
o Aquatic life zones
• Biomes
o Terrestrial component
o Distinct climate and specific species
• Aquatic life zones
o Freshwater life zones
o Marine life zones
Terrestrial Ecosystems
Energy flow in an ecosystem
Population: Growth and Control
Population
• A group of interacting individuals of the same species occupying in a specific area
Tolerance
• Each population in an ecosystem has a range of tolerance to variations in its physical and chemical
environments
• Leels of tolerae… eeds to e optiu
Law of Tolerance
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Environment- everything that affects a living organism or any unique form of life. Ecology- biological science that studies the relationship between living organisms and the environment. Environmental science- an interdisciplinary study that uses information from the physical sciences and social sciences to learn how to deal with the environmental problems. Integration of ideas from natural world (biosphere) and our culture (culturesphere) Environmentalism- social movement that represents ideas to preserve natural resources and protect the environment. If the cultural amenities such as luxuries such as the technology that raise their impact beyond basic levels, the term cultural carrying capacity is used. In 2008 we used exactly all the resources for 1 earth. If trends continue, we will need 3 earths by. Growth rate slows as maximum capacity is met. Building blocks of ecology: biosphere, ecosystem: among species and non-living, community: among species, population, organism, cell, molecule, atom.
