MSCI 2130 Study Guide - Final Guide: Data Governance, Data Mart, Data Cube

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Chapter 2: Data and Knowledge Management
Definitions:
Attribute: each characteristic or quality of a particular entity
Best Practices: the most effective and efficient ways to do things
Big Data: a collection of data so large and complex that it is difficult to
manage using traditional database management systems
Binary Relationship: a relationship that exists when two entities are
associated
Bit: a binary digit that is, a 0 or 1
Business Rules: precise descriptions of policies, procedures, or
principles in any organization that stores and uses data to guarantee
information
Byte: a group of eight bits that represents a single character
Clickstream Data: data collected about user behavior and browsing
patters  oitorig users’ atiities he the isit a We site
Connectivity: describes the classification of a relationship: one-to-one,
one-to-many, or many-to-many
Data Dictionary: a collection of definitions of data elements; data
characteristics that use the data elements; and the individuals,
business functions, applications, and reports that use these data
elements
Data File: a collection of logically related records
Data Governance: an approach to managing information across an
entire organization
Data Mart: a low-cost, scaled-down version of a data warehouse that
is designed for the end-user needs in a strategic business unit (SBU) or
a department
Data Model: a diagram that represents entities in the database and
their relationships
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2
Data Warehouse: a repository of historical data that are organized by
subject to support decision makers in the organization
Database Management System: the software program (or group of
programs) that provides access to a database
Entity: any person, place, thing, or event of interest to a user
Entity Relationship Diagram: document that shows data entities and
attributes and relationships among them
Entity Relationship Modeling: the process of designing a database by
organizing data entitles to be used and identifying the relationships
among them
Explicit Knowledge: the more objective, rational, and technical types
of knowledge
Field: a characteristic of interest that describes an entity
Foreign Key: a field (or group of fields) in one table that uniquely
identifies a row (or record) of another table
Functional Dependency: a means of expressing that the value of one
particular attribute is associated with, or determines a specific single
value of another attribute
Instance: each row in a relational table, which is a specific, unique
representation of the entity
Intellectual Capital: other terms for knowledge
Join Operation: a database operation that combines records from two
or more tables in a database
Knowledge Management: a process that helps organizations identify,
select, organize, disseminate, transfer, and apply information and
epertise that are part of the orgaizatio’s eor and that typically
reside within the organization in an unstructured manner
Knowledge Management Systems: information technologies used to
systematize, enhance, and expedite intra and inter firm knowledge
management
Master Data: a set of core data, such as customer, product, employee,
edor, geographi loatio, ad so o, that spas a eterprise’s
information systems
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