SOC101Y1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Status Attainment, Homophily, Social Forces
Document Summary
Common sense: shared meaning, universally known/accepted to be true. Distantiation: gaining insights through increased social distance (outsider) Agreement reality (science): accept reality w/o personally experiencing it, w/ predetermined standards to do so. Testability (science): a scientific idea must have testable implications. Uncertainty (science): science can"t proceed w/o the possibility of observations refuting a claim. Variables: elements in systems which people operate; logical groupings of attributes. Idiographic explanation: explaining 1 case in great detail. Nomothetic explanation: explaining a set of cases w/ a set of factors. Induction: general principles developed from specific observations (specific to general) Deduction: hypothesis are developed from general principles (general to specific) Spurious relationship: where 2 variables have no direct causation. Causal relationship: where a variable/change in 1 thing produces a variable/change in another. Hawthorne effect: changes in people"s behaviour caused by their awareness of being studied. Social survey: a systematic method of comparing answers to identical question; primary means of collecting social scientific evidence.
