POL101Y1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Instant-Runoff Voting, Proportional Representation, Party System
Document Summary
Electoral systems are remarkably resilient to radical reform. Four main types of electoral systems: majoritarian, semi-proportional systems, proportional representation, mixed systems. Green party shallow support spread across wide range of constituencies doesn"t do well as compared to nationalist parties with regional concentration. Second ballot majority-runoff systems: candidates with an absolute majority in first round form government. If there is no absolute government, second round occurs between top two contenders: whoever wins, forms the government, aims to consolidate support behind the victor and to encourage coalitions and alliances. Alternative vote: ranking of candidates, candidates need an absolute majority to win, votes of those who voted for the dropped candidate are redistributed based. If no one gets the majority, lowest scoring candidate is dropped on their second choice. Cumulative vote: citizens given as many votes as representatives, votes can be cumulated on single candidate, limited vote is similar, but voters given fewer votes than number of members to be elected.
