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Chapter 4: human health and heavy metals exposure. N metals, a major category of globally distributed pollutants, are natural elements that have been extracted from the earth and harnessed from human industry and products for millennia. N metals are notable for their wide environmental dispersion from such activity; N their tendency to accumulate in select tissues of the body. N their overall potential to be toxic even at relatively minor levels of exposure: in case of lead and mercury, may be toxic even at trace levels of exposure. N even metals that are essential have the potential to become harmful at high levels of exposure, a reflection of a basic tenet of toxiocology 90/4802,089054843. Agency for toxic substances and disease registry (atsdr: rankings of metals as potential hazards. Sthe first, second, third, and sixth hazards are heavy metals: lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium.