SOC310H5 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Juvenile Delinquency, Offender Profiling, Juvenile Court
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Neo-li(cid:271)e(cid:396)al go(cid:448)e(cid:396)(cid:374)a(cid:374)(cid:272)e a(cid:374)d (cid:862)(cid:396)atio(cid:374)al(cid:863) (cid:455)outh: risk management. Transformative and rehabilitative rationales of correctionalism have been increasingly challenged by an actuarialist discourse of calculating risk and the statistical probability of re-offending. Offender profiling and risk assessment have been eagerly turned to as a (cid:373)ea(cid:374)s of o(cid:448)e(cid:396)(cid:272)o(cid:373)i(cid:374)g the (cid:858)(cid:374)othi(cid:374)g (cid:449)o(cid:396)ks(cid:859) pessi(cid:373)is(cid:373) that had pe(cid:396)(cid:448)aded youth justice and probation for two decades. Focused and structured supervision programmes combining behavioural and skills training, training in moral reasoning, interpersonal problem- solving skills training and vocationally oriented psychotherapy are now widel(cid:455) assu(cid:373)ed to (cid:271)e (cid:858)su(cid:272)(cid:272)essful(cid:859) In youth justice, referral orders and youth offender panels were introduced following the 1999 youth justice and criminal evidence act. Referral orders are a mandatory, standard sentence imposed on nearly all offenders, no matter how relatively minor the offence, as long as they are under 18 years old, have no previous convictions, and plead guilty. The major exception are those sent directly to custody.
